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In traditional fabric manufacturing, first, the fiber is converted into yarn, and then the yarn into fabric. However non-woven fabric manufacturing is completely different. Here, the fiber is directly converted into fabric. Non-woven fabric is made by forming a bond of heat-resistant fibers glued to parallel, random, or transverse fiber bundles under the influence of heat and pressure. When the research on non-woven fabric was first started in the sixties, it was not popular, but recent studies have shown that this fabric has improved a lot. Today's non-woven is much lighter, more durable, and more stretchable than before. Although the apparel market is mainly centered on woven and knitted fabrics, non-woven products have been gradually gaining ground in the apparel market for several decades. In line with the world, the production, use, and expansion of non-woven products are also underway in Bangladesh.
Market in Bangladesh
The demand for this product in the local market of Bangladesh is increasing day by day. There is a demand for 10 thousand metric tons of nonwoven fabrics every month. About 30 companies in Bangladesh are able to supply only 5 5,000 metric tons of the local demand. If the government provides policy support in the current fiscal year budget, especially by giving tax exemptions, this non-woven fabrics sector will play a good role in exports along with ready-made garments.
Use of nonwoven products in Bangladesh
Hygiene products
Nonwoven fabrics are widely used in hygiene products such as baby diapers, feminine hygiene products, and incontinence products. In the past, these products were made from natural fibers for multiple uses, especially in the diaper sector. In the last few decades, as a result of the ever-developing nonwoven fabrics industry, they have evolved into single-use or disposable products. In addition to the physical and chemical properties of nonwoven fabrics for hygiene products, in the case of textiles used next to the skin, the thermo-physiological and skin-sensitive properties - and in some cases the barrier effect of nonwoven fabrics that allow moisture absorption and retention - are also essential and make nonwoven fabrics a cost-effective alternative to traditional textiles. Hygiene products made from nonwoven fabrics have high absorption capacity and guarantee fast diffusion and rapid transport of liquids - for example, urine - away from the body. These products are expected to be soft, have a good fit on the body, and not exert excessive pressure. Therefore, hygiene products that combine comfort and ease of use are designed and manufactured with nonwoven fabrics, which possess excellent absorbency, softness, comfort, fit, and high breathability.
Medical products
Nonwoven fabrics are widely used in the medical field for protection against biological agents in other sectors. For example, they can be designed to provide important protective properties, such as resistance to infection and disease. With today's multi-drug-resistant strains of bacteria and viruses, nonwoven fabrics can help combat cross-contamination and the spread of infection in medical or surgical environments. Because they are used only once and incinerated after use, the need for handling is avoided and the spread of contaminants is reduced. Nonwoven fabrics are also increasingly a key element in the design of "smart" wound care products, providing functions such as creating a moist wound healing environment, with controlled vapor transmission, absorption, and low skin adhesion.
Recent innovations in nonwoven fabrics include the design of new scaffolds for 3D biological tissue engineering, implantable fabrics that can reinforce natural tissues, and nanofiber nonwoven filtration media that offer enhanced particle capture properties. New nonwoven fabrics with improved finishes, including liquid-repellent, virus-proof, and bacterial-barrier properties, have also been developed for applications such as surgical masks, gowns, and drapes.
Household Products
Nonwoven fabrics for household products are used for a wide range of applications, from cleaning and filtering to adding an aesthetic touch to the home, such as tablecloths, etc. H High-performance nonwoven fabrics can be used in bedrooms, kitchens, dining rooms, and living rooms to create comfortable, practical, hygienic, and beautiful solutions for modern living. Nonwoven fabrics in the home furnishing industry are evolving from traditional applications such as upholstery, floor coverings, underlays, and blankets to innovative and smart solutions for protecting interiors.
Recent developments in the home furnishing industry include the creation of nonwoven fabrics that kill bed bugs, repel dirt, and possess antimicrobial properties.
Smart nonwoven fabric technology for home interiors combines practicality with security. Explosion-proof curtains, burglar-proof blinds, and carpet alarm systems could shape the future of home living. The high engineering of nonwoven fabrics supports advanced functionality, enabling the development of secure applications. On the other hand, conventional fabrics are limited in their functional reach. In the case of explosion-proof curtains, the fiber structure of the nonwoven can expand under tension, allowing the material to absorb the pressure shockwave caused by an explosion, while simultaneously capturing glass and other debris released by the attack.
In the case of wall coverings, nonwoven fabrics are easier to handle than traditional wallpaper because the fabric has no seam separation and is easy to remove. In addition, the crack-bridging properties make nonwoven fabrics ideally suited for the renovation of problematic ceilings and walls, where exceptional stability is required. As energy prices rise, nonwoven fabrics can help provide more cost-effective heating solutions. Electrically conductive nonwoven fabrics, combined with an underpad, have the ability to heat floor surfaces, such as wooden floors, ceramic tile floors, walls, and ceilings. In such applications, the fabric could eventually replace traditional interior heating systems by inducing heat by radiation.
Apparel
Nonwoven fabrics have long secured their place in the fashion industry as interlinings and materials for garments, shoes, and bags, in less visible and supporting functions. Nowadays, young designers are increasingly fascinated by introducing nonwoven fabrics as creative and versatile new materials in their design concepts. Whether conceptual or practical designs and products, nonwoven fabrics have become increasingly visible. The elegance, style, and functionality of a garment largely depend on the appearance and functionality of the interlining. Nonwoven fabrics are ideally suited for interlining as they offer considerable advantages over traditional materials. The success of nonwoven fabrics is due to their versatility and the ability to engineer various properties within them such as shape-retention, adaptability to the properties of the outer fabric, and lightweight. Today, the global retail sector is fascinated by the possibility of incorporating nonwoven fabrics into fashion, sport,s and outdoor performance apparel as a way to provide something “different” to contemporary woven and knitted garments.
Technical Applications
Awnings refer to various systems and equipment to limit the loss or unwanted ingress of energy or media such as fire, heat, sound, electricity, moisture, etc. A wide range of materials and manufacturing processes support nonwoven fabrics with the desired performance in sound and moisture absorption, flame resistance, and non-conductivity. Nonwoven fabrics play an important and irreplaceable role in the filter materials segment. Despite the wide variety of filtration applications, nonwoven fabrics can be adapted to almost any filtration task due to their versatility and their economical production. This translates into a dominant market share of nonwoven fabrics in the global filtration market.
Building and Construction
Nonwoven fabrics are increasingly used in geotechnology; for example, they are used in soil engineering and road construction for foundations and on building and land reclamation sites, and as structural, permanent, or temporary elements. A common feature of these materials is that they are used in all geotechnical applications, i.e. they come into contact with soil or rock. In the past few decades, the technique for producing nonwoven fabrics has developed rapidly, so that a wide range of textile constructions with different properties are now available. Nonwoven fabrics for use as geotextiles are mainly made from polypropylene or polyester in the form of fiber or filament nonwoven fabrics. The main bonding technique used is the needle punching technique, and subsequent heat setting improves the strength properties and dimensional stability. Nonwoven fabrics are also responding to both the flat and pitched roof markets. Building standards, energy-saving schemes, and changing environmental conditions require a breathable and impermeable underlay for pitched roofs and an improved base for bituminous membranes, both of which can be best served with versatile nonwoven fabrics.
Agriculture
Nonwoven fabrics are effectively used to optimize the productivity of crops, orchards, and greenhouses. The use of nonwoven fabric covers on the field increases yields and improves crop quality. The lightweight, flexible sheets are laid over the seedbed, creating a microclimate in which heat and humidity are controlled. Plant growth is accelerated, and they are protected from harsh weather and insects. Their protective nature means that the need for pesticides is reduced and manual labor is kept to a minimum.
Vehicles
Tens of thousands of automotive components are made from nonwoven fabrics, from trunk liners and carpets to air and fuel filters. By creating essential features required for excellent performance and safety, nonwoven fabrics help reduce vehicle weight, enhance comfort and aesthetics, and provide improved insulation, fire resistance, and resistance to water, fuel, temperature extremes, and abrasion. . Nonwoven fabrics are easy to handle during assembly. They can be tailored to their function and can be heat-formed, embossed, lined, coated, and printed. More importantly, due to their versatility and numerous advantages, they are also widely used in the design and construction of other vehicles and means of transportation - airplanes, trains, boats, spacecraft, and satellites. In addition, nonwoven products are being used in road construction as geotextiles. In the automobile industry, nonwovens are also used in various car and aircraft interior parts. Nonwovens are also being used in the manufacturing of various insulators and the packaging industry.
-SZK, Based on online information
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